CE 704 · Chapter 6
Hydropower Engineering past question
6.3 Penstocks and Pressure shaft: importance, conditions of their application, general arrangement, hydraulic transients (water hammer), Computation of hydrodynamic pressure, sizing of penstock/pressure shaft and estimation of thickness of steel in penstock/pressure shaft
A power station is fed by a 4000m long concrete lined tunnel of 5.0 m dia and 600m long pressure shaft of 4.0 m dia operating under a gross head of 250 m. If the design discharge of the plant is 60 m³/sec and the friction factors in tunnel and pressure shaft are 0.014 and 0.012 respectively, (i) Compute the sectional area required for mass oscillation in a surge tank (ii) Maximum upsurge and downsurge levels (iii) If the headwater level is 1048 m, find out the invert level of the headrace tunnel at surge tank. Also explain the importance of tunnel lining. [3+3+3+3]