Case Studies based on Engineering Practices

An Engineer designed a RCC Bridge on behalf of consultant. A class contractor constructed the bridge. After the completion of the construction, traffic was allowed. Six month of after operation, cracks developed in the bridge. A probe team was established by road department and you are a member of that team. During investigation it was found that the design procedure was okay, but the quality of steel material used was not duly tested. The contractor argued that the procedure of construction was in accordance with the instruction of engineer and specification, however, the workmanship was found not as per specification. There was also lack of proper supervision by the consultant. The design load for the bridge was 20 tons. It was also reported that there happen to pass more than 20 tons vehicles also. The consultant was good friend of contractor. Being a member of probe team, what is your judgment on the failure of this bridge? Explain.

Sub-contractor Mr. A was severely beaten by his labors because he had not paid them for more than seven months. During investigation it was revealed that client did not pay to the contractor and contractor did not pay to the subcontractor. The client didn't pay because consultant did not submit the necessary bill report. The consultant says the work is defective and quality of the work is not as per specifications. While the contractor does not agree because it was not informed on site and blames that the consultant wants covert money. Discuss the case considering contract law, tort, liability and negligence whatsoever applicable.

A number of cracks, structural as well as settlement appeared in a building designed by an engineer within two years of their completion. Municipality had approved the design and drawing. Later it is found that without any soil investigation, structural design and detailing of reinforcement report had been prepared during the construction of the building. a) Discuss the position of the house owner b) The engineer's role c) The role of the Municipality d) Who is ultimately responsible for the damage?